EPA MICROMETEOROLOGICAL AND TRACER DISPERSION DATA ARCHIVE THE HANFORD 1964 ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION EXPERIMENT DATA ARCHIVE DOCUMENTATION by C.S. Glantz R.K. Woodruff J.G. Droppo EPA Contract No. 68-02-4063 John Irwin Meteorology and Assessment Division Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 1 CONTENTS Abstract Acknowledgements Figures 1. INTRODUCTION...............................................1 2. DATA SET DOCUMENTATION FORM................................3 1 FIGURES Number Page 1 DATA SET DOCUMENTATION FORM...........................4 1 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION The Meteorology and Assessment Division of the Environmental Protection Agency's Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory has initiated a project to develop and establish an archive of original experimental data and documentation for use by atmospheric disperion and boundary layer researchers. The intent of the effort is to establish an archive of data sets that will be useful for modern dispersion model evaluation and improvement, to ensure the retention of these data for the future, and to make them more readily available to the research community. As the archive is developed, a report will be prepared to document each data set archived. This report documents the EPA archive for the Hanford 1964 Atmospheric Dispersion Experiment. Section 2 is the Data Set Documentation Form which provides: 1) Data Set Fact Summary, 2) Narrative Description of the Experiment and Data, 3) Special Information, 4) Documentation, 5) Files Utilization Information, 6) Organizational Contacts, 7) Data Set Standardized Variable Summary Other information which the user will find useful, if not essential, is contained in the Data Archive Introduction and Summary (Woodruff et al., 1985). This report provides an overview of how the archive was prepared, how it's managed, and specific guideance for using it. In addition, it provides a brief summary of all the data sets in the archive, and an index for locateing the most recent version of the data sets and files of interest. Questions about the archive not answered by this report or the Data Archive Introduction and Summary, should be directed to: 1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Atmospheric Sciences Research LAboratory Meteorology Assessment Division Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 1 SECTION 2 DATA SET DOCUMENTATION FORM The Data Set Documentation Form for the Hanford 1964 Atmospheric Dispersion Experiment, appears in Figure 1 as outlined in the introduction. 1 DATA SET DOCUMENTATION FORM **************************************************************** **************************************************************** PART 1 - DATA SET FACT SUMMARY EXPERIMENT TYPE: Atmospheric Dispersion, Tracer, Planetary Boundary Layer NAME: Hanford 1964, Hanford '64, or Hanford S Series PURPOSE: To examine the dispersion of a particulate tracer under stable atmsopheric conditions LOCATION: Southeastern Washington State; on the U.S. government's Hanford Reservation TIME: Spring and summer, 1964 NUMBER OF TESTS: 15; the results of 14 are published NATURE OF EXPERIMENT: Tracer dispersion experiments conducted over relatively flat terrain. The tracer (ZnS) was released from a location on a 400 ft. tower and sampled on a number of arcs arrayed between 200m and 12800m from the release tower. Sampling was conducted at approximately ground level ( 1.5m agl) and on as many as 20 sampling towers. METEOROLGICAL CONDITIONS: Nighttime tracer releases with generally stable atmospheric stabilities. METEOROLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS: Wind speed and direction, the standard deviation of the wind direction, and temperature were all measured at eight levels on a 400 ft. tower. Similar measurements on six levels of an 80 ft. portable mast were made during three of the experiments. MEASUREMENT METHODS: Filter samplers were deployed on the arcs at 1.5 m agl and on sampling towers at various heights. **************************************************************** PART - 2 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF EXPERIMENT AND DATA SITE The Hanford '64 experiments were conducted on what is now the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Reservation. Hanford is located in a 40 km wide basin in south-southeastern Washington State. The reservation is bordered on the north and east by the Columbia River, and on the west and south by the Rattlesnake Hills and the Yakima River. The climate of the region is semi-arid. The experiments were conducted on the relatively flat Hanford Dispersion Grid at an elevation of roughly 200 m above sea level. The vegetation on the grid is composed primarily of steppe grasses and sagebrush. A typical roughness height for the area is 3 cm. MEASUREMENTS The tracer used in the Hanford '64 experiments was zinc sulfide (ZnS), a fluorescent pigment. The tracer was dispersed through a commercially available insecticide sprayer. Releases were made from the 56 m level of the meteorological tower in eleven of the reported experiments and from the 111 m level in three other experiments. Release duration ranged from 20 to 72 minutes. The sampling arcs used during the Hanford '64 experiments were located 200, 800, 1600, 3200, 7000 and 12800 m from the release tower; however, only four arcs were ever used in any one experiment. Ground level sampling was conducted on each of the arcs at 1.5m above ground level. The four interior arcs each had an angular extent of approximately 90 degrees around the release tower; ground level samplers were spaced at two degree intervals on the 200 and 800 m arcs and at one degree intervals on the 1600 and 3200 m arcs. The 7000m arc covered roughly 45 degrees, with samplers spaced at four degree intervals. The 12800 m arc also covered roughly 45 degrees; its samplers were spaced at one degree intervals. Five towers, with fifteen samplers per tower, were available for use on each of the 200, 800, 1600 and 3200 m arcs. The maximum sampling heights on the towers were 27 m on the 200 m arc, 40 m on the 800 m arc, and 62 m on the 1600 nad 3200 m arcs. Meteorological data was provided by instruments deployed on a 400 ft. (122m) tower. Measurements of temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and the standard deviation of the wind direction were made at the 7, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 400 ft. levels on the tower. An 80 ft. portable meteorological mast was deployed near the 400 ft. tower during three of the experiments in order to provide supplementary, low level data. Measurements were made at the 2.5, 5, 10, 20 ,40 and 80 ft. levels on the mast. ANALYSIS Tracer sampling was conducted on GM-1 filters. These filters are 47 mm in diameter and offer a compromise between the opposing requirements of minimal restriction to flow through the filter and a relatively hard, flat surface upon which the ZnS can be retained. The filter was inserted into a polyethylene filter holder assembly that left a 41 mm diameter circular area exposed for tracer collection. Samples were collected on the filter by drawing air through the filter assembly using vacuum pumps. The flow through each filter was controlled by a critical flow orifice in the vacuum line. Filters were assayed in the laboratory using a Rankin counter. DATA Fifteen tracer releases were conducted during the Hanford '64 experiments. The results of fourteen of these runs were published in Nickola et al., 1984; the unpublished run was characterized as unsuccessful due to a wind shift that occurred shortly after the beginning of this experiment, resulting in the transport of the tracer off the sampling grid. The data from all fifteen experiemnts is currently on computer tape at Battelle Northwest Laboratories, operaters of the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest Laboratory at Richland, Washington. ***************************************************************** PART 3 - SPECIAL INFORMATION The Hanford '64 experiments were a follow up to the previous years Hanford '63 experiments. Both the '63 and '64 series were conducted to provide information prior to the changing of the emphasis of the Hanford U series experiments from neutral and unstable atmsopheric conditions to stable atmospheric conditions. The equipment and techniques used in the Hanford '64 series are very similar to those used in other experiments conducted on the Hanford Dispersion Grid. For further information on these experiments see Nickola (1977), Barad and Fuquay (1962a and 1962b), Nickola et al., 1970, and Hinds (1967 and 1969). ***************************************************************** PART 4 -- DOCUMENTATION Nickola, P.W., J.V. Ramsdell, C.S. Glantz and R.E. Kerns, HANFORD ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION DATA: 1960 THROUGH JUNE 1967, NUREG/CR- 3456, PNL-4814, 1984. [contains the Hanford '64 data] Other documents of interest: Barad, M.L. and J.J. Fuquay (Eds.). 1962a. THE GREEN GLOW DIFFUSION PROGRAM. Geophysical Research Papers No. 73, Vol. I, AFCRL-62-251 (I), Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, Bedford, Massachusetts. Barad, M.L. and J.J. Fuquay (Eds.). 1962b. THE GREEN GLOW DIFFUSION PROGRAM. Geophysical Research Papers No. 73, Vol. II, AFCRL-62-251 (II), Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, Bedford, Massachusetts. Hinds, W.T. 1967. ON THE VARIANCE OF CONCENTRATION IN PLUMES AND WAKES. BNWL-SA-1435, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, Washington. Hinds, W.T. 1969. "Peak-to-Mean Concentration Ratios from Ground level Sources in Building Wakes", ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 3:145-156 Nickola, P.W. 1977. THE HANFORD 67-SERIES: A VOLUME OF ATMOSPHERIC DIFFUSION MEASUREMENTS. PNL-2433, Pacific Northwest LAboratory, Richland, Washington ***************************************************************** PART 6 - SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTS Run ID U2m Rib ZR DR Near Far NT Q ----------------------------------------------- S-64-1 1.9 .066 56 38 0200 12800 18 4000. S-64-2 1.3 .182 56 26 0200 12800 13 4000. S-64-4 1.0 .250 56 26 0200 12800 16 4000. S-64-5 1.9 .170 56 32 1600 12800 7 2000. S-64-6 1.0 -999 56 20 1600 12800 2 2900 S-64-7 2.8 .070 56 30 0200 3200 17 570. S-64-8 0.8 .146 56 60 1600 12800 7 1280. S-64-9 1.4 .241 56 60 1600 12800 6 1708. S-64-10 2.4 .079 56 60 1600 12800 8 1600. S-64-11 1.2 .518 56 21 1600 12800 1 845. S-64-12 1.5 .232 56 57 1600 12800 7 1980. S-64-13 1.1 .348 111 72 1600 12800 6 2000. S-64-14 2.2 .053 111 40 1600 12800 0 1200. S-64-15 1.2 .902 111 46 1600 12800 6 1500. U2m = wind speed at 2m (m/s) Rib = bulk Richardson Number ZR = release height (m) DR = duration of release (minutes) Near = nearest near-surface (1.5m) sampling arc (m) Far = furthest near-surface (1.5) sampling arc (m) NT = number of sampling towers providing data Q = approximate total amount of tracer released (g) Rib = (g/T2)*(T30-T2)*(DZ/u15^2) where g = acceleration due to gravity ( 9.8 m/s^2) T2 = temperature at 2m T30 = temperature at 30m U15 = wind speed at 15m (m/s) DZ = 30m-2m = 28m ***************************************************************** PART 6 - CONTACTS Clifford S. Glantz Battelle Northwest Laboratories PNL P.O. Box 999 Richland, WA. 99352 509-946-8753 J. Van Ramsdell Battelle Northwest Laboratories PNL P.O. Box 999 Richland, WA. 99352 509-946-8626 ****************************************************************